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从旧Fedora版本升级到Fedora 28,比如Fedora 21升级到Fedora 28

2018-08-27 22:22:06作者:布谷李稿源:linux站

如果你有旧的Fedora版本要升级到最新的Fedora版本可以采用下面的方法,比如从Fedora 21升级到Fedora 28就可以使用下面的步骤操作。根据Fedora官方指南,每次建议只升级一个版本,每次最多只能升级两个版本。

从旧Fedora版本升级到Fedora 28,比如Fedora 21升级到Fedora 28

 

注:很多人以前安装过Linux,可是一直没用,等到要用时所用的版本已经过时了,所以升级是要必要的。

 

查看当前系统版本,使用的是旧的Fedora 21:

$ uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain 4.1.13-100.fc21.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 10 13:13:20 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

 

Fedora 21升级Fedora 28的全部步骤如下:

1.Fedora 21先升级Fedora 22

1].耗时很长,建议在较好的网络环境下进行:

$ sudo dnf upgrade --refresh

$ sudo dnf install dnf-plugin-system-upgrade

$ sudo dnf system-upgrade download --refresh --releasever=22 --allowerasing --setopt=keepcache=1

2].经常遇到的问题之一:提示GPG-KEY缺失:

Install     257 Packages

Upgrade    1646 Packages

Remove        7 Packages

Downgrade     4 Packages

Total download size: 1.4 G

warning: /var/lib/dnf/system-upgrade/geos-3.4.2-3.fc22.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8e1431d5: NOKEY

Curl error (37): Couldn't read a file:// file for file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-x86_64 [Couldn't open file /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-x86_64]

3].下载RPM-GPG-KEY,下载links

$ sudo rpm --import '/home/brian/Downloads/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmfusion-free-fedora-22'

$ sudo rpmkeys --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmfusion-free-fedora-22

4].更名:

$ sudo cp RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-22-x86_64 RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-x86_64

5].重新安装:

$ sudo dnf system-upgrade download --refresh --releasever=22 --allowerasing --setopt=keepcache=1

6].根据提示导入key:

warning: /var/lib/dnf/system-upgrade/geos-3.4.2-3.fc22.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8e1431d5: NOKEY

Importing GPG key 0x8E1431D5:

Userid     : "Fedora (22) <fedora@fedoraproject.org>"

Fingerprint: C527 EA07 A934 9B58 9C35 E1BF 11AD C094 8E14 31D5

From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-x86_64

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Key imported successfully

...

启动安装事务,需要很长的时间,请耐心等待。

7].更新+重启动:

$ sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot

 

2.Fedora 22再升级Fedora 23

Fedora 22升级Fedora 23,四步即可,等待时间比较长:

sudo dnf update --refresh

sudo dnf install dnf-plugin-system-upgrade

sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=23

sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot

 

3.Fedora 23再升级Fedora 25

1].更新key,升级,重新启动:

$ sudo cp RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-25-x86_64 RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-x86_64

$ sudo dnf system-upgrade download --refresh --releasever=25 --allowerasing --setopt=keepcache=1

$ sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot

2].解决错误事务检查错误:

Error: Transaction check error:

file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz from install of vim-minimal-2:8.0.617-1.fc24.x86_64 conflicts with file from package vim-common-2:7.4.1868-1.fc22.x86_64

file /usr/lib64/gstreamer-1.0/libgstopus.so from install of gstreamer1-plugins-base-1.8.3-2.fc24.x86_64 conflicts with file from package gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free-1.6.4-1.fc23.x86_64

3].删除vim和gstreamer:

$ sudo dnf remove vim

# dnf remove gstreamer

4].解决conflicts with file from错误:

# yum -y remove gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free-1.6.4-1.fc23.x86_64

5].继续下载更新所需库:

$ sudo dnf system-upgrade download --refresh --releasever=25 --allowerasing --setopt=keepcache=1

6].启动更新:

# dnf system-upgrade reboot

7].查看当前系统版本:

$ uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain 4.13.16-100.fc25.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Nov 27 19:52:46 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

 

4.Fedora 25再升级Fedora 27

经测试,支持跨版本更新哦。

$ uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain 4.15.15-300.fc27.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Apr 2 23:14:02 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

 

5.Fedora 27升级到最终的目标版本:Fedora 28

请参考把Fedora 27升级到Fedora 28版本一文的步骤操作。

 

总结

要想把Fedora 21升级到Fedora 28得经历5个升级阶段,如果不是很必要,个人建议你重新安装Fedora 28,因为升级所花的时间也是很长的,可以参考在VMware Workstation虚拟机中安装Fedora 28操作系统一文。

 

相关主题

Fedora 28 Workstation截图

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