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本文将介绍使用Vagrant和VirtualBox虚拟机管理程序运行Kali Linux的方法，请先安装VirtualBox和Vagrant，同时需要具有VT-X/AMD虚拟化扩展的CPU。
在Kali Linux上安装VirtualBox和Vagrant 一、在Kali Linux上安装VirtualBox 1、添加存储库密钥： wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - 2、添加VirtualBox存储库： 既然已导入存储库密钥，请通过运行以下命令添加VirtualBox存储库： echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -sc) contrib" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list 3、安装VirtualBox和Extension Pack 在Kali Linux上安装VirtualBox和Extension Pack： sudo apt update sudo apt install linux-headers-$(uname -r) dkms sudo apt install virtualbox virtualbox-ext-pack 安装VirtualBox后，就可以启动了。 二、参考安装Vagrant的文章 在Ubuntu 18.04/Debian 9/Kali Linux上安装Vagrant的方法。
下载Kali Vagrant box 安装VirtualBox和Vagrant后，下载Kali Linux Vagrant box image，你有两种选择： 1、下载Kali Linux full image - 随附所有Kali包 2、下载Kali Linux Light - 包含精简包列表 使用以下命令下载Vagrant box： $ vagrant box add offensive-security/kali-linux box: Loading metadata for box 'offensive-security/kali-linux' box: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/offensive-security/kali-linux box: Adding box 'offensive-security/kali-linux' (v2018.3.1) for provider: virtualbox box: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/offensive-security/boxes/kali-linux/versions/2018.3.1/providers/virtualbox.box box: Box download is resuming from prior download progress box: Successfully added box 'offensive-security/kali-linux' (v2018.3.1) for 'virtualbox'! 对于Kali Linux Light，用kali-linux-light替换kali-linux： $ vagrant box add offensive-security/kali-linux-light box: Loading metadata for box 'offensive-security/kali-linux-light' box: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/offensive-security/kali-linux-light box: Adding box 'offensive-security/kali-linux-light' (v2018.3.1) for provider: virtualbox box: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/offensive-security/boxes/kali-linux-light/versions/2018.3.1/providers/virtualbox.box box: Successfully added box 'offensive-security/kali-linux-light' (v2018.3.1) for 'virtualbox'! 添加的Vagrant boxes应该是可见的： $ vagrant box list | grep offensive offensive-security/kali-linux (virtualbox, 2018.3.1) offensive-security/kali-linux-light (virtualbox, 2018.3.1)
启动Kali Linux虚拟机 首先为Kali项目创建一个空目录，然后从那里生成一个Vagrant文件： $ mkdir -p vagrant-projects/kali $ cd vagrant-projects/kali $ vagrant init offensive-security/kali-linux A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on `vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant. 此命令为你生成Vagrantfile，其中包含虚拟机的所有配置选项，值得一提的是，每个vagrant命令都应该从包含Vagrantfile的目录运行。 可以在运行vagrant up命令之前根据自己的喜好修改文件： # -*- mode: ruby -*- # vi: set ft=ruby : Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "offensive-security/kali-linux" config.vm.box_check_update = false config.vm.hostname = "kali" config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.90.99" config.vm.synced_folder "/home/jmutai/Projects", "/vagrant_data" config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine vb.gui = false vb.memory = "2048" end end 完成修改后，保存文件并运行： $ vagrant up 下面是一个示例的输出信息，如图：
要访问VM shell，请运行： $ vagrant ssh 你还可以使用主机ssh客户端，并通过分配的专用IP地址访问Kali Linux实例shell： $ ssh vagrant@192.168.90.99 Warning: Permanently added '192.168.90.99' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. vagrant@192.168.90.99's password: Linux kali 4.18.0-kali1-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.18.6-1kali1 (2018-09-10) x86_64 The programs included with the Kali GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Kali GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Sat Jan 18 10:20:41 2019 from 10.0.2.2 vagrant@kali:~$ 如果检查实例IP地址，则Vagrantfile上配置的地址应该可用：
每当对Vagrantfile进行更改时，请重新启动计算机以使更改生效： $ vagrant reload 要停止实例，请使用： $ vagrant halt 如果要在停止VM的同时保存VM的当前状态，请使用： $ vagrant suspend 有了这个，你将在以后启动VM时返回到完全相同的状态。 通过运行完成后销毁Vagrant： $ vagrant destroy 以上就是使用Vagrant运行管理Kali Linux实例的方法了。
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