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本文介绍在CentOS 8/CentOS 7/RHEL Linux系统中安装Python-3.9.1.tgz和Pip3.9的方法，同样的方法可用在安装其它Python 3.9版本上。
一、安装Python 3.9.1依存关系 以root或具有sudo特权的用户登录到CentOS 8/CentOS 7系统： $ ssh username@serveripaddress 注：如果无此场景请不要做这步操作，直接进行下面的系统更新即可。 然后进行系统更新： sudo yum -y update 安装在CentOS 8/CentOS 7上构建Python 3.9.1所需的必需软件开发工具： sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools" -y sudo yum install openssl-devel libffi-devel bzip2-devel -y 确认Gcc可用： $ gcc --version gcc (GCC) 8.3.1 20191121 (Red Hat 8.3.1-5) 参考：现在可以在CentOS 8系统下用命令安装GCC 8.3.1版本。
二、下载最新的Python 3.9.1文件 确保已安装wget： sudo yum install wget -y 使用wget下载新的Python 3.9版本，如Python-3.9.1.tgz： wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.1/Python-3.9.1.tgz 注：或从https://www.python.org/downloads/中下载。 使用tar提取存档文件： tar xvf Python-3.9.1.tgz 切换到从文件解压缩创建的目录： cd Python-3.9*/
三、在CentOS 8/CentOS 7中安装Python 3.9.1 运行以下命令以配置Python安装： ./configure --enable-optimizations 成功示例输出： checking for the Linux getrandom() syscall... yes checking for the getrandom() function... yes checking for library containing shm_open... -lrt checking for sys/mman.h... (cached) yes checking for shm_open... yes checking for shm_unlink... yes checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config checking whether compiling and linking against OpenSSL works... yes checking for X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_host in libssl... yes checking for --with-ssl-default-suites... python checking for --with-builtin-hashlib-hashes... md5,sha1,sha256,sha512,sha3,blake2 configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile.pre config.status: creating Misc/python.pc config.status: creating Misc/python-embed.pc config.status: creating Misc/python-config.sh config.status: creating Modules/ld_so_aix config.status: creating pyconfig.h creating Modules/Setup.local creating Makefile 在CentOS 8/CentOS 7上构建Python 3.9.1： sudo make altinstall 这里请耐心等待，因为这需要花费一些时间，具体取决于系统中CPU内核的数量，如果成功，您将收到以下消息： running install_scripts copying build/scripts-3.9/pydoc3.9 -> /usr/local/bin copying build/scripts-3.9/idle3.9 -> /usr/local/bin copying build/scripts-3.9/2to3-3.9 -> /usr/local/bin changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pydoc3.9 to 755 changing mode of /usr/local/bin/idle3.9 to 755 changing mode of /usr/local/bin/2to3-3.9 to 755 rm /usr/local/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/_sysconfigdata__linux_x86_64-linux-gnu.py rm -r /usr/local/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/__pycache__ /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./Misc/python.man \ /usr/local/share/man/man1/python3.9.1 if test "xupgrade" != "xno" ; then \ case upgrade in \ upgrade) ensurepip="--altinstall --upgrade" ;; \ install|*) ensurepip="--altinstall" ;; \ esac; \ ./python -E -m ensurepip \ $ensurepip --root=/ ; \ fi Looking in links: /tmp/tmpxqejw3c3 Processing /tmp/tmpxqejw3c3/setuptools-49.2.1-py3-none-any.whl Processing /tmp/tmpxqejw3c3/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip WARNING: The script easy_install-3.9 is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH. Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location. WARNING: The script pip3.9 is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH. Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location. Successfully installed pip-20.2.3 setuptools-49.2.1
四、检查CentOS 8/CentOS 7中Python 3.9.1和Pip3.9安装 运行以下命令以确认在CentOS 8/CentOS 7中成功安装了Python 3.9.1： $ python3.9 --version Python 3.9.1 Pip3.9也必须已经安装： $ pip3.9 --version pip 20.2.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip (python 3.9) 至此，确定系统上已安装Python 3.9.1和Pip3.9。
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