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Ubuntu 18.04 LTS和Ubuntu 16.04 LTS开发商Canonical发布了修复导致某些机器启动失败的问题，用户只需要更新新的Linux内核就可以解决问题了。
修复问题详情 Canonical曾修复导致Ubuntu 14.04 LTS（Trusty Tahr）操作系统的AMD机器启动失败问题，这是由AMD处理器的微代码固件更新导致的-known Spectre微处理器侧通道安全漏洞。现在Canonical又发布了针对Ubuntu 18.04 LTS（Bionic Beaver）用户的Linux内核安全更新，解决了总共六个安全漏洞，其中一个是导致了引导失败的问题，它似乎并不仅限于AMD处理器，还有英特尔的处理器。现在新的Linux内核更新，以修复导致64位计算机、OEM处理器和运行在Amazon Web Services (AWS)、Microsoft Azure、谷歌云平台(GCP)和其他云环境上的系统启动失败的问题。 USN-3695-1修复了Linux内核中针对Ubuntu 18.04 LTS的漏洞。不幸的是，CVE-2018-1108的修复程序导致某些情况导致无法启动，这更新解决了这个问题。该补丁也适用于使用HWE内核的Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS用户。
希望用户采用命令更新 由于Canonical允许以前的Ubuntu LTS（长期支持）版本的用户使用较新的Ubuntu LTS版本的Linux内核，因此Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS（Xenial Xerus）用户也可以使用导致启动失败的补丁。默认安装Ubuntu 18.04 LTS（Bionic Beaver）的HWE（硬件启用）内核。 希望所有Ubuntu 18.04 LTS和Ubuntu 16.04 LTS用户尽快将其安装更新到主要软件存储库中，并在成功安装后重新启动计算机。Ubuntu 18.04 LTS用户需要更新到linux-image 4.15.0-29.31时，Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS用户则必须更新到linux-image 4.15.0-29.31~16.04.1。 通常，运行下面的命令就可以了，然后重启系统。我们建议所有使用Raspberry Pi 2设备的Ubuntu 18.04 LTS用户尽早更新其安装并随时更新。 更新命令： sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
附[USN-3718-1] Linux kernel regression A security issue affects these releases of Ubuntu and its derivatives: - Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Summary: A regression that caused boot failures was fixed in the Linux kernel. Software Description: - linux: Linux kernel - linux-aws: Linux kernel for Amazon Web Services (AWS) systems - linux-azure: Linux kernel for Microsoft Azure Cloud systems - linux-gcp: Linux kernel for Google Cloud Platform (GCP) systems - linux-kvm: Linux kernel for cloud environments - linux-oem: Linux kernel for OEM processors Details: USN-3695-1 fixed vulnerabilities in the Linux kernel for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. Unfortunately, the fix for CVE-2018-1108 introduced a regression where insufficient early entropy prevented services from starting,leading in some situations to a failure to boot, This update addresses the issue. We apologize for the inconvenience. Original advisory details: Jann Horn discovered that the Linux kernel's implementation of random seed data reported that it was in a ready state before it had gathered sufficient entropy. An attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2018-1108) Wen Xu discovered that the ext4 file system implementation in the Linux kernel did not properly initialize the crc32c checksum driver. A local attacker could use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2018-1094) It was discovered that the cdrom driver in the Linux kernel contained an incorrect bounds check. A local attacker could use this to expose sensitive information (kernel memory). (CVE-2018-10940) Wen Xu discovered that the ext4 file system implementation in the Linux kernel did not properly validate xattr sizes. A local attacker could use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2018-1095) Jann Horn discovered that the 32 bit adjtimex() syscall implementation for 64 bit Linux kernels did not properly initialize memory returned to user space in some situations. A local attacker could use this to expose sensitive information (kernel memory). (CVE-2018-11508) It was discovered that an information leak vulnerability existed in the floppy driver in the Linux kernel. A local attacker could use this to expose sensitive information (kernel memory). (CVE-2018-7755) Update instructions: The problem can be corrected by updating your system to the following package versions: Ubuntu 18.04 LTS: linux-image-4.15.0-1014-gcp 4.15.0-1014.14 linux-image-4.15.0-1016-aws 4.15.0-1016.16 linux-image-4.15.0-1016-kvm 4.15.0-1016.16 linux-image-4.15.0-1018-azure 4.15.0-1018.18 linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic 4.15.0-29.31 linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic-lpae 4.15.0-29.31 linux-image-4.15.0-29-lowlatency 4.15.0-29.31 linux-image-4.15.0-29-snapdragon 4.15.0-29.31 linux-image-aws 4.15.0.1016.16 linux-image-azure 4.15.0.1018.18 linux-image-gcp 4.15.0.1014.16 linux-image-generic 4.15.0.29.31 linux-image-generic-lpae 4.15.0.29.31 linux-image-gke 4.15.0.1014.16 linux-image-kvm 4.15.0.1016.16 linux-image-lowlatency 4.15.0.29.31 linux-image-oem 4.15.0.1012.14 linux-image-snapdragon 4.15.0.29.31 After a standard system update you need to reboot your computer to make all the necessary changes. ATTENTION: Due to an unavoidable ABI change the kernel updates have been given a new version number, which requires you to recompile and reinstall all third party kernel modules you might have installed. Unless you manually uninstalled the standard kernel metapackages(e.g. linux-generic, linux-generic-lts-RELEASE, linux-virtual,linux-powerpc), a standard system upgrade will automatically perform this as well. References: https://usn.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-3718-1 https://launchpad.net/bugs/1779827, https://usn.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-3695-1 Package Information: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/4.15.0-29.31 https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-aws/4.15.0-1016.16 https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-azure/4.15.0-1018.18 https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-gcp/4.15.0-1014.14 https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-kvm/4.15.0-1016.16 https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-oem/4.15.0-1012.15
附[USN-3718-2] Linux kernel (HWE) regression A security issue affects these releases of Ubuntu and its derivatives: - Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Summary: A regression that caused boot failures was fixed in the Linux kernel. Software Description: - linux-azure: Linux kernel for Microsoft Azure Cloud systems - linux-gcp: Linux kernel for Google Cloud Platform (GCP) systems - linux-hwe: Linux hardware enablement (HWE) kernel Details: USN-3695-2 fixed vulnerabilities in the Linux Hardware Enablement Kernel (HWE) kernel for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. Unfortunately, the fix for CVE-2018-1108 introduced a regression where insufficient early entropy prevented services from starting, leading in some situations to a failure to boot, This update addresses the issue. We apologize for the inconvenience. Original advisory details: Jann Horn discovered that the Linux kernel's implementation of random seed data reported that it was in a ready state before it had gathered sufficient entropy. An attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2018-1108) Wen Xu discovered that the ext4 file system implementation in the Linux kernel did not properly initialize the crc32c checksum driver. A local attacker could use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2018-1094) It was discovered that the cdrom driver in the Linux kernel contained an incorrect bounds check. A local attacker could use this to expose sensitive information (kernel memory). (CVE-2018-10940) Wen Xu discovered that the ext4 file system implementation in the Linux kernel did not properly validate xattr sizes. A local attacker could use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2018-1095) Jann Horn discovered that the 32 bit adjtimex() syscall implementation for 64 bit Linux kernels did not properly initialize memory returned to user space in some situations. A local attacker could use this to expose sensitive information (kernel memory). (CVE-2018-11508) It was discovered that an information leak vulnerability existed in the floppy driver in the Linux kernel. A local attacker could use this to expose sensitive information (kernel memory). (CVE-2018-7755) Update instructions: The problem can be corrected by updating your system to the following package versions: Ubuntu 16.04 LTS: linux-image-4.15.0-1014-gcp 4.15.0-1014.14~16.04.1 linux-image-4.15.0-1018-azure 4.15.0-1018.18~16.04.1 linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic 4.15.0-29.31~16.04.1 linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic-lpae 4.15.0-29.31~16.04.1 linux-image-4.15.0-29-lowlatency 4.15.0-29.31~16.04.1 linux-image-azure 4.15.0.1018.24 linux-image-gcp 4.15.0.1014.26 linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 4.13.0.45.64 linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-16.04 4.13.0.45.64 linux-image-gke 4.15.0.1014.26 linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-16.04 4.13.0.45.64 After a standard system update you need to reboot your computer to make all the necessary changes. ATTENTION: Due to an unavoidable ABI change the kernel updates have been given a new version number, which requires you to recompile and reinstall all third party kernel modules you might have installed. Unless you manually uninstalled the standard kernel metapackages(e.g. linux-generic, linux-generic-lts-RELEASE, linux-virtual,linux-powerpc), a standard system upgrade will automatically perform this as well. References: https://usn.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-3718-2 https://usn.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-3718-1 https://launchpad.net/bugs/1779827, https://usn.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-3695-2 Package Information: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-azure/4.15.0-1018.18~16.04.1 https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-gcp/4.15.0-1014.14~16.04.1 https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-hwe/4.15.0-29.31~16.04.1
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