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本文介绍在Ubuntu 18.04/16.04系统上安装nodeBB Forum Software的方法，设置NodeBB时可以选择Redis或MongoDB数据库，同时安装还需要Node.js。
一、安装Node.js Node.js是一个快速发展的平台，它驱动NodeBB，在Ubuntu和Debian系统上，你可以从NodeSource存储库安装Node.js： $ curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | sudo -E bash - $ sudo apt-get install gcc g++ make $ sudo apt-get install -y nodejs 你应该在npm安装版本8的Node.js，验证版本使用： $ node -v v8.11.3 $ npm -v 5.6.0 参考：在Ubuntu 18.04系统中安装Node.js 10的方法。
二、在Ubuntu 18.04上安装MongoDB数据库 MongoDB是NodeBB的默认数据库，通过导入包管理系统使用的公钥来启动安装： sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 2930ADAE8CAF5059EE73BB4B58712A2291FA4AD5 添加MongoDB存储库： echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.6 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.6.list 更新apt包索引并安装MongoDB服务器： $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org 启动MongoDB服务： $ systemctl start mongod.service $ systemctl enable mongod.service 验证MongoDB的安装，应该有3.6版本： $ mongod --version db version v3.6.5 git version: a20ecd3e3a174162052ff99913bc2ca9a839d618 OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2n allocator: tcmalloc modules: none build environment: distmod: ubuntu1604 distarch: x86_64 target_arch: x86_64
三、配置MongoDB MongoDB附带一个用于一般管理的Shell mongo，MongoDB的默认安装侦听端口27017，可在本地访问，使用以下方法访问shell： $ mongo 上传到admin内置数据库： > use admin switched to db admin 创建管理用户： > db.createUser( { user: "admin", pwd: "adminpassword", roles: [ { role: "readWriteAnyDatabase", db: "admin" }, { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ] } ) 一旦启用授权，此用户的范围限定为databaseadmin以管理MongoDB，将adminpassword替换为你想要的管理员密码。 添加一个名为nodebb的新数据库： > use nodebb switched to db nodebb 接下来，使用适当的权限创建nodebb用户： > db.createUser( { user: "nodebb", pwd: "password", roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "nodebb" }, { role: "clusterMonitor", db: "admin" } ] } ) permissionreadWrite允许NodeBB存储和检索来自databasenodebb的数据。 permissionclusterMonitor为查询数据库服务器统计信息提供NodeBB只读访问权限，然后在NodeBB管理控制面板（ACP）中公开。 最后，退出Mongo Shell： > quit() 通过附加以下行在MongoDB配置文件/etc/mongod.conf中启用数据库授权： security: authorization: enabled 重启MongoDB并验证之前创建的管理用户是否可以连接： $ sudo systemctl restart mongod $ mongo -u admin -p adminpassword --authenticationDatabase=admin MongoDB shell version v3.6.5 connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017 MongoDB server version: 3.6.5 >
四、在Ubuntu 18.04上安装NodeBB 确保安装了git，运行： $ sudo apt-get install -y git Clone NodeBB的稳定分支，比如将NodeBB存储库从v1.9.x分支克隆到目录nodebb，当然也可以安装v1.11.1等版本： $ git clone -b v1.9.x https://github.com/NodeBB/NodeBB.git nodebb Cloning into 'nodebb'... remote: Counting objects: 151894, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (19/19), done. remote: Total 151894 (delta 10), reused 16 (delta 8), pack-reused 151867 Receiving objects: 100% (151894/151894), 45.92 MiB | 15.51 MiB/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (115325/115325), done. $ cd nodebb NodeBB有一个用于设置NodeBB的命令行实用程序，我们将使用它来设置NodeBB，这将从npm安装模块，然后进入设置实用程序： $ ./nodebb setup info: NodeBB Setup Triggered via Command Line Welcome to NodeBB v1.9.3! This looks like a new installation, so you'll have to answer a few questions about your environment before we can proceed. Press enter to accept the default setting (shown in brackets). URL used to access this NodeBB (http://localhost:4567) <Enter> Please enter a NodeBB secret (48e1fe7e-a54a-4329-a4d1-448970f4e530) <Enter> Which database to use (mongo) <Enter> info: Now configuring mongo database: MongoDB connection URI: (leave blank if you wish to specify host, port, username/password and database individually) Format: mongodb://[username:password@]host1[:port1][,host2[:port2],...[,hostN[:portN]]][/[database][?options]]<Enter> Host IP or address of your MongoDB instance (127.0.0.1) <Enter> Host port of your MongoDB instance (27017) <Enter> MongoDB username nodebb Password of your MongoDB database MongoDB database name (nodebb) info: [database] Checking database indices. info: [database] Checking database indices done! Configuration Saved OK Populating database with default configs, if not already set... warn: [cache-buster] could not read cache buster message=ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/home/jmutai/nodebb/build/cache-buster', stack=Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/home/jmutai/nodebb/build/cache-buster', errno=-2, code=ENOENT, syscall=open, path=/home/jmutai/nodebb/build/cache-buster Enabling default theme: nodebb-theme-persona No categories found, populating instance with default categories warn: No administrators have been detected, running initial user setup Administrator username admin Administrator email address admin@domain.com Password Confirm Password ...... NodeBB Setup Completed. Run "./nodebb start" to manually start your NodeBB server. 要启动nodebb，请运行： $ ./nodebb start Starting NodeBB "./nodebb stop" to stop the NodeBB server "./nodebb log" to view server output "./nodebb help" for more commands
五、安装和配置Nginx NodeBB默认在端口4567上运行，我们将配置Nginx来代理对它的请求。 安装nginx： $ sudo apt-get install nginx 参考：在Ubuntu 18.04 Server中安装LEMP的方法[Nginx、MariaDB、PHP7.2]。 配置nginx，创建nginx配置文件： $ sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/nodebb.conf 然后添加内容： server { listen 80; server_name forum.example.com; location / { proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:4567; proxy_redirect off; # Socket.IO Support proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade"; } } 检查服务是否运行： $ ss -tunelp | grep 4567 tcp LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:4567 0.0.0.0:* users:(("node",pid=4068,fd=13)) uid:1000 ino:506425 sk:6 <-> 重启nginx： $ sudo systemctl restart nginx
六、访问NodeBB Web界面 到目前为止，你应该已经在Ubuntu 18.04/16.04服务器上成功安装了NodeBB，你应该能够访问http://forum.example.com并与你的论坛进行互动：
要访问管理信息中心，请改用http://forum.example.com/admin：
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