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本文教你怎样在Linux系统下启动Oracle服务及怎样设置Oracle开机自启动，以下提供方法。
一、在Linux系统下启动Oracle服务的方法 在 Linux下启动Oracle服务需要下面两步： 1].启动lsnrctl监听。 2].启动数据库实例。 1.启动lsnrctl监听 1].首先以oracle用户登录系统 2].进入数据库目录： $ cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin 3].查看监听状态： 运行：$ ./lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 29-AUG-2018 10:28:21 Copyright (c) 1991, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=wl1)(PORT=1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused 4].启动监听： # 启动监听 $ ./lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 29-AUG-2018 10:28:27 Copyright (c) 1991, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/wl1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=wl1)(PORT=1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=wl1)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 29-AUG-2018 10:28:28 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/wl1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=wl1)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully 2.启动数据库实例 # 以system用户登录oracle $ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Aug 29 10:37:54 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn as sysdba Enter user-name: system Enter password: Connected to an idle instance. # 启动数据库实例 SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. # 如果要关闭数据库实例 SQL> shutdown Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down.
二、在Linux系统下设置Oracle开机自启动的方法 1.编辑 /etc/oratab 文件 修改其中的路径，并且将最后的 “N” 改为 “Y”，如下： orcl:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1:Y 2.创建/修改 /etc/systemd/system/oracle-rdbms.service 文件 文件内容如下（注意其中文件路径）： # /etc/systemd/system/oracle-rdbms.service # Invoking Oracle scripts to start/shutdown Instances defined in /etc/oratab # and starts Listener [Unit] Description=Oracle Database(s) and Listener Requires=network.target [Service] Type=forking Restart=no ExecStart=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1 ExecStop=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1 User=oracle [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target 3.设置服务开机自启动 sudo systemctl enable oracle-rdbms.service 重新启动计算机。 注：也可以手动启动/停止服务 sudo systemctl start oracle-rdbms.service sudo systemctl stop oracle-rdbms.service
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